Tupolev Tu 134A-3

Short range liner.

For use only with
TU134A3_VVS_V2X.AIR with appropriate Aircraft.CFG

MAIN DATA

Empty weight            33 752 kg (imitate 4 702 kg payload)
Max fuel weight         47 000 kg
MTOW = Max fuel weight
Max landing weight	43 000 kg
			(9 250 kg fuel remaining)

Range with max fuel     3 700 km
                        (including
                         1 hour
                         reserv)

Takeoff field length	2400 m
Landing field lenght	2200 m
Service celling         10 600 - 12 600 m

Altitude limitations

Weight          Max Alt
X1000 kg        

Any             10 600 m
44.5            11 100 m
41              11 600 m
37.5            12 100 m

Speed limits

Note: ALL SPEEDS IN THIS REFERENCE ARE INDICATED AIRSPEEDS!!!

Never exeed speed 600 km/h or 0.82M

Minimum "clean" speed 330 km/h

Gear extention speed  400 km/h

Flaps speeds
10    400 - 310 km/h
20    400 - 290 km/h
30    340 - 270 km/h 


In next sections all engine data applicable to +15 degree celsium, 760 mm hg.

TAXIING

For begin moving use up to 70-75% N2 a short time. Normal taxiing at idle thrust.
In turns use 68-70% N2.
Maximum taxiing speed 35 km/h and 10-15 km/h in turns.


TAKEOFF

At MTOW

Flaps     20 (10)
N2        98-99.5% (full throttle, no more 5 min)
Elevator trim - 1.5 degrees up
Switch landing lights ON.

At 270 km/h up nose about 5-7 degree (pull stick about 1/2 it move range) and plane will take off at speed about 290 km/h. 
Maximum ground speed for nose gear 310 km/h and 330 km/h for main gear.

5m and positive climb retract gear. 
Switch landing lights OFF.
330-340 km/h (vertival speed 11m/min) retract flaps to 10 (don't forget maintain pitch 8-9 degree).  
At 150 m AGL engage autopilot.
390-400 km/h (350-400 m AGL) - retract flaps and reduce trottle to nominal value 94% N2.
Accelerate to 500 km/h (460 km/h if need noise reduction procedure)
Climb to 1800-2000m at 15 m/sec and reduce vertical speed to 13 m/sec to 3000M.


CLIMBING

Climb at nominal N2 (92.5-94%) and 500 km/h until reach 0.7M, than maintain o.7M

Approximately values for climbing when takeof at MTOW

Altitude    Vertical speed   Speed     N2       Pitch
   m            m/sec         km/h      %

3000           13           460(500)   94(93)	  6.5
4000           10            500        94        5
4500            9.5          500        94        5
5000            9            500        94        4.5
6000            7            500        94        4
7000            6            500        94        3
7500            5            500        94        3
8000            4.5          495        94        2.5
8500            4            500        94        2.5
9000            3.5          500(0.70M) 94        2.5
9500            3            490(0.72M) 94        2
10000           3            480(0.72M) 92        2
10500           3            458(0.72M) 92        2

10600             0          525(0.81M) 92        1.5

Time to reach 9100M  - 21 min.
Time to reach 10600M - 26 min.


CRUISING

At cruising altitude accelerate to desired speed at 92-94% N2.
Acceleration time to 0.81M with 92%N2 at 10 600M after reach 10 600M about 10 minutes. 

Approximately values for cruising with 12 000kg fuel on board.

Altitude  N2     IAS       M       TAS        Fuel flow
meters    %      km/h              km/h      kg/h

 9 600   90      520      0.75   820        2600
10 600   92     500      0.78  830      2300
10 600   94      515-520  0.81  855-860  2600

At 10 600M

N2       IAS       Mach     TAS   Pitch   Angle off   Fuel flow
%        km/h               km/h  degree  attack       kg/h

89       452       0.71     760   2.7     4.2         2050
90       460       0.72     770   2.0     3.7         2200
91       500       0.78     830   1.7     3.2         2450
92       525       0.81     865   1.5     3.0         2700
93       530       0.815    875   1.5     3.0         2950
94      >535      >0.82    >880   1.0     2.7         3100

Note: At 94% N2 plane will increase it maximum speed limit.

DESCENDING

Reduce trottle to 83-85% N2 and begin descend 10-12 m/sec at 0.8-0.82M while reach 600 km/h than maintain this speed.
Above 9000m maintain 83% N2 or more. Pitch -1 -2 degree.
Below 9000M to 3000M one engine 83-86% N2 and another idle or both 75-78% (not recommended).
Below 3000M speed less 500 km/h and vertical speed less than 10 m/sec, engines idle.
At 25-30km to airport speed less than 450 km/h and vertical speed less than 7.5 m/sec.

Emergency descending

Trottle - Idle (60-63% N2), pitch 10-15 degree negative, gear down. Vertical speed 30-50m/sec.
While ending this mode plane drop 400-500m of altitude.
After emergency descend do not retract gear.


APPROACHING

Typical speed 380-400 km/h at clean plane, and 78-80% N2 and 85-88%N2 with gear down.
Gear down and extend flaps to 10 degree. At 330-340 km/h flaps 20 degree, 88-90% N2.
At 290-300 km/h flaps 30 degree. Before intercept glideslope flaps 30, gear down, speed 290-300 km/h.
When intercept glideslope decrease throttle to 81-83% N2.
In glideslope use 85-86% N2 (80-82% in case small weight).

Weight		Speed
kg		km/h

43 000		275
40 000		267
35 000		252
33 000		250

Optimal pitch 0-1 degree.


LANDING

At 60 m AGL disengage autopilot.
At 30 m AGL begin decreasing vertical speed and at 20 m AGL vertical speed must be about -3m/s
At 7 m AGL smoothly up nose to create 2-2.5 degree pitch and begin flare. While flare increase pitch to 3-4 degrees if nessesary to maintain vertical speed less than -1m/s.
Smoothly set throttle to idle and touchdown. Apply spoilers. After nose gear touchdown activate reversers.
At 250 km/h apply breaks.
Usually reversers off at 110 km/h, but if nesessary it may be used to full stop.
Typical touchdown speed = GS Speed - 20 km/h.

Notes
1. Using more than 2.5 degree pitch when flare will result plane up and quickly drop speed with hard landing with gear crash possible.
2. Using more than recommended glideslope speed will result as above.
3. Speed less than recommended in glideslope need you use more pitch when flare and result will same or if use right flare pitch - to big vertical touchdown speed with result as above.